IWWB Blog Post: Kiana Andreoli
IWWB Blog Post!
Kiana Andreoli
The start of the Internet has been one of the most transforming inventions in today's world. The internet is a global computer network that sends different types of data and media across connected devices. This invention has allowed connections between computers worldwide. There are many contributors to the invention of the Internet. These individuals include Tim Berners-Lee, Paul Baran, Lawrence Roberts, JCR Licklider, Leonard Kleinrock, Vinton Cerf, Robert Kahn, and others, who are all of great importance. Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web, a system that makes it simple to share and access information on the internet, even though he was not directly involved in the development of the internet. He announced this idea in March 1989. This is not the Internet itself, it is rather a "information management system". The concept of a "Galactic Network" which served as the basis for an idea of a worldwide computer network, was developed by JCR Licklider, a psychologist and computer scientist. This was created in August 1962, and they described his idea of a worldwide network of computers linked together, allowing anybody to access information and software from various websites. Moving on to Leonard Klenrock, he is famous for his contributions to packet-switching theory, the underpinning theory of data transmission over the internet. He introduced his theory in July 1961, but it was not used until 1965 at MIT. The US Air Force and Polish-American engineer Paul Baran collaborated at RAND in the 1960s to develop a system allowing network connections to communicate with each other with no need for a primary one so that if one fails, they still have access to everything. Baran announced a communication network that does now have an underlying control point. Computers can interact with one another over various networks thanks to the "Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol" (TCP/IP), which was created by Cerf and Kahn. This came alive in 1974. After all of this, in 1983, we had developed cross-communications across various networks, and the Domain Name System (DNS) had been established, giving the development of domain names like.com,.edu,.net,.org, and others. The use of the internet has changed greatly from back then to today, and the advances to technology have caused these inventions to grow rapidly.
After focusing on the Internet in depth and which inventors contributed to the making of it, a significant invention surrounding the Internet was the World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who created the World Wide Web often known as the web, in 1989 when he was employed with CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, in Switzerland. The demand for a successful way for CERN scientists to exchange data and work together on projects drove Berners-Lee's to create this invention. He developed it as a mechanism for connecting and using a browser to view documents and other resources within the internet. The World Wide Web was first largely used by people and scholars to exchange documents and scientific data. This was a text-based system that let users move between documents and data using simple links. The World Wide Web has developed into a large, active platform with many different uses in today's life. People can now get a wide variety of information, entertainment, and services thanks to its development as a worldwide information repository. Everything from social media and internet commerce to professional communication, education, and entertainment uses it. . Additionally, it has largely contributed to the growth of online learning, e-commerce, and the way we spread information today.
Although the World Wide Web and the internet are two separate ideas that work together to produce the digital life we use today, they are often utilized simultaneously. Millions of computers and other devices are connected through the global network or underlying infrastructure known as the internet. Data can travel the world thanks to the Internet. The World Wide Web is a separate use from the Internet. This was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 and is used to access information from various sources on the internet. For example, it is used when viewing websites with a web browser like Chrome or Firefox. The World Wide Web may be summed up as a platform that connects computers all over the world to share information. On the contrary, the internet connects computers with endless other devices to create an extensive network of interconnected systems.
The first webpage was also created by Tim Berners-Lee, the same person that created the WWW. The World Wide Web was discussed on the first webpage ever created. Tim Berners-Lee developed it at the European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN, where it was first used. People can learn about hypertext, which are coded words or phrases that connect to information, and how they can create web pages from it. This remarkable venture indicated the start of a new age and laid the foundation for the World Wide Web to develop into the worldwide platform for information sharing that it is in today's world. The World Wide Web came truly alive with the development of a single web page. Since then, it has had significant growth. Around the point that the search engine Google debuted in 1996, there were 2 million websites, 3,00 websites by the year 1994 (when the W3 became public domain), and 10 websites by the year 1992. The website at one point was lost, but the URL is now back and ready to view again. (http://info.cern.ch/). The first website was a staple in the history of the Internet and the WWW, and it became huge part of today's society.
Hedy Lamar has a strong connection with Wifi and Bluetooth. She was a Hollywood actress as well as an inventor. Hedy Lamarr and these technologies are related because of her creative spirit and partnership with the musician George Antheil. In order to develop a safe communication system for torpedoes, Lamarr and Antheil co-patented a frequency-hopping spread spectrum process during World War II. With this technique, messages were transmitted and received quickly while changing frequencies, making it challenging for adversaries to eavesdrop or jam the transmission. Although their creation was primarily intended for military usage, it served as the basis for a number of contemporary wireless technologies. One of the most important inventions is WiFi, which was essential in maintaining the safety and security of electronic information. The frequency-hopping spread spectrum method known as "Wifi," created by Lamarr and Antheil, served as a forerunner to today's secure Wi-Fi technology. Bluetooth technology, which is extensively used today for wireless connections between many different electronic devices , further developed and integrated the idea of frequency hopping. There is a song about Hedy Lamar by Johnny Depp. He wrote this song to not only show her contributions, but it was to show that she was a smart woman, or a “genius”, but is often seen as a beautiful actress. The song shows the importance of who she really is and for what she has done, even though she is trapped inside a Hollywood diva.
Bluetooth was created by Jaap Hartsen. He was working in wireless systems for 25 years, and finally in 1994, he developed the groundwork for the Bluetooth Wireless Technology, which allows connections between an apparently limitless number of devices. The centralization of this brief wireless technology in order for easier communication and collaboration among many products and industries was planned in 1996 by three industry leaders, Nokiaa, Intel, and Ericsson. Jim Kardach from Intel recommended Bluetooth as a temporary code name during this discussion. Although it was supposed to be temporary, Kardach’s idea became the real name. Before it could be modified, the name quickly gained popularity, becoming a term for short-range wireless technology. The Younger Futhark runes (Hagall) and (Bjarkan), Harald's initials, are combined to form the Bluetooth emblem.
There are several contributors that led to the development of Wifi, and it is hard to pin-point the invention on one individual. Hedy Lamar was the first to contribute to the invention of Wifi. In addition to being a scientist, Hedy Lamarr was a well-known Hollywood actress in the 1930s and 1940s. Although she didn't invent Wi-Fi, she did work on an idea that eventually gave rise to Wi-Fi. Vic Hayes is widely referred to as the inventor of WiFi. He served as the chairman of the group that in 1997 unveiled the world's first wireless networking standard. Wi-Fi is a form of wireless networking that enables mobile phones and other wireless devices, including laptops, to access the internet. The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance, a worldwide nonprofit group established to advance the new wireless standard, is credited with developing the term Wi-Fi. A marketing company came up with the name, in part because of its association with hi-fi. Wi-Fi, however, does not stand for "wireless fidelity" like people say it does. The graphic representation of the Wifi logo conveys the concept of communication and the potential for two users to communicate while exchanging data. The point from where the signal spreads to surrounding devices is depicted in the Wi-Fi logo. Simplicity and dependability are the elements. The WiFi icon, which is also shown as a stair-step icon, denotes the presence of wireless internet connections.
Sources used:
https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/who-really-invented-the-internet
https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/
https://www.home.cern/science/computing/birth-web
https://www.bluetooth.com/about-us/bluetooth-origin/
https://www.science-sparks.com/who-invented-wi-fi/
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